Installing YUM server in RHEL4

If you are looking for YUM server in RHEL5 you can clickhere other wise just read on..
Recently I came across a strange issue.. ie implementing YUM(Yellow dog Updater and Modifier) server in RHEL4 :(. By the time of RHEL4 released there is no YUM server implementation..

so I did some research and collected some documentation on net and implemented YUM server in RHEL4

configuring YUM server in RHEL4 as follows..

Stpe1:Download following packages

sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

python-sqlite-0.5.0-1.2.elr4.rf.i386.rpm

python-urlgrabber-2.9.6-1.2.el4.rf.noaarch.rpm

pytyhon-elementtree-1.26-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

python-celementtree-1.0.2-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

yum-2.4.2-1.noarch.rpm

yum-utils-0.3.1-1.fc4.noarch.rpm ( we need for repository)

createrepo-0.3.1-1.noarch.rpm

Stpe2: Install the above mention packages in the same sequence once you download them.

rpm -Uvh sqlite-2.8.16-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

rpm -Uvh python-sqlite-0.5.0-1.2.elr4.rf.i386.rpm

rpm -Uvh python-urlgrabber-2.9.6-1.2.el4.rf.noaarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh pytyhon-elementtree-1.26-1.2.el4.rf.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh python-celementtree-1.0.2-1.2.el4.rf.i386.rpm

rpm -Uvh yum-2.4.2-1.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh yum-utils-0.3.1-1.fc4.noarch.rpm

rpm -Uvh createrepo-0.3.1-1.noarch.rpm

Step3:Now dump your rpms from your RHEL4 cds/dvd

cp -ar * /var/ftp/pub/Server/

Step4: Create repository

#createrepo -v /var/ftp/pub/Server/

Here yum server will create a repository and metadata once creation of metadata is done we can configure yum client on the same mechine.. as follows

Step5:Creating a repo file and updating with the repository details

#vi /etc/yum.repo.d/server.repo

[server]

name= Redhat repository

baseurl=file:///var/ftp/pub/Server

gpgcheck=0

save the file and exit and start using yum to install packages in RHEL4.

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Network monitoring/info gathering tools in linux

NETWORK MONITORING/ INFO GATHERING TOOLS IN LINUX.
1.Why we have to monitor Network ?
Some times we have to monitor Network traffic in our LAN if there is any traffic issues such as "Broadcast Stroms". Here I am going to explain some Linux tools which are used to monitor network traffic.

I used to struggle a lot initially to use these tools.

Network monitoring tools can be divided in to three types :

1. Traffic monitoring tools(which will do just monitoring traffic in network) .
   
2. Network monitoring tools(these tools will do just monitoring such as services and devices).
3. Network Info gathering tools(these tools will just get you info about your network, tools such as ifconfig, traceroute will come under this).
   

Some of the tools which we are going to cover in it are:-

1.nmap
2.NGIOS
3.echoping
4.smokeping
5.iptraf
6.MRTG(Multi Router Traffic Grapher)
7.rrdtool
8.ntop
9.mii-tool
10.mii-diag
11.tcpdump
12.mtr

I will give the explanation regarding above mentioned tools in my next posts.

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N.A.G.I.O.S

N.A.G.I.O.S

NAGIOS(N.A.G.I.O.S. is a recursive acronym: "Nagios Ain't Gonna Insist On Sainthood^", "Sainthood" being a reference to the original name of the software, which was changed in response to a legal challenge by owners of a similar trademark). --wikipedia.org
NAGIOS is a system and network monitoring application that watches host and services that we specify as well as alerting when finds any error.

NAGIOS is implemented by using SNMP protocol, so which ever devices support SNMP we can monitor that device using NAGIOS.

NAGIOS can do following things
1.Monitor wide range of hosts like Servers,Switches,Routers etc.
2.Monitor network services (Like : SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, ICMP, SNMP, FTP, SSH.)
3.Monitor Host resources (Processor load, Running processes, Disk usage, System logs, etc)
4.Monitor Host environments(Temperature, Alarms etc).
Can alert you through e-mail, SMS, Pager etc.

NAGIOS can not do Monitoring of Bandwidth utilization in network.


Installing NAGIOS:

Step1: Before installing NAGIOS we required some packages to be installed, These are listed as below.
Apache(For accessing NAGIOS web interface),
gcc compiler,glibc, glibc-common and gd development library(for compiling source code which we are going download ).

# yum install httpd
# yum install gcc
# yum install glibc*
# yum install gd*

Step2 : First we have Create a new NAGIOS user account , group and its password.
# useradd nagios
# passwd nagios
# groupadd nagcmd
# usermod -G nagcmd nagios
# usermod -G nagcmd apache

We are adding "nagcmd" as secondary group to both "nagios" and "apache" user because some times we require to execute commands through web interface.

Step3 : Create a directory called download and download Nagios and its pluggins.

# mkdir ~/download
# cd ~/download
# cd
# wget http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.0.2.tar.gz
# wget http://osdn.dl.spurceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-pluggins-1.4.11.tar.gz

If you are unable to download using wget then use the following link to download nagios through GUI and nagiosplug:- http://www.nagios.org/download

Step4 : Now its time to Compile and install Nagios, to do this uncompress the tarball file and do as follows:

# cd /root/download
# tar -xvzf nagios-3.1.2.tar.gz ## extract the tar file.
# cd nagio-3.1.2
# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd
# make all

Stpe5 : Now Install binaries, init script, sample config file and set permissions on the external command(make install-commandmod) directory.

# make install
# make install-init
# make install-config
# make install-commandmod

Now NAGIOS is installed and the configuring files are stored in /usr/local/nagios/etc


Step6 : Install the NAGIOS web config file in the Apache conf.d directory.

# make install-webconf

Step7 : Create a nagiosadmin account for logging into the Nagios web interface.

# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

Here it will ask for new password, enter the password and remember it in order to access NAGIOS web interface.



Step8 : Start nagios service by using below commands and add the nagios service to run at system start-up time.


# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

When we execute the above command the output will be as below.

Output like this:-
Nagios 3.0.2
Copyright (c) 1999-2008 Ethan Galstad (http://www.nagios.org/)
Last Modified: 05-19-2008
License: GPL

Reading configuration data...

Running pre-flight check on configuration data...

Checking services...
Checked 35 services.
Checking hosts...
Checked 4 hosts.
Checking host groups...
Checked 1 host groups.
Checking service groups...
Checked 0 service groups.
Checking contacts...
Checked 1 contacts.
Checking contact groups...
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checking service escalations...
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service dependencies...
Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host escalations...
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host dependencies...
Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking commands...
Checked 25 commands.
Checking time periods...
Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...

Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0

Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check.
If output comes like this, it means there is no error.

Step9 : start the nagios service and configure the service to run at start-up time of the system

# service nagios start
# chkconfig --add nagios
# chkconfig nagios on

Stpe10 : Use the following command to run the CGIs under the SElinux enforcing/targated mode. This will eliminate security loopholes.

# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/sbin/
# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/share/

Stpe11 : Now change the contact details in /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg, you will find nagiosadmin, change the e-mail id associated to it with your required e-mail id, so that alerts .


Step12 : Now restart the apache server

# service httpd restart

Step13 : Access the Nagios web interface through your web browser:

http://localhost/nagios/

Note:- Here you will be prompted for the username (nagiosadmin) and password that is given by you at step7 ).

I will update the blog how to monitor different devices such as Servers, Network devices and System resources and how to get alerts through SMS, e-mail and Pager. Please keep us visiting.

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